SDS Drill Bits: Types, Uses, and How to Choose the Right One

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A Milwaukee hammer drill with a SDS plus drill bit drilling into concrete

When it comes to drilling into concrete, stone, or masonry, having the right tools can make all the difference. One of the most powerful and efficient tools in this space is the SDS drill bit. By understanding what SDS drill bits are and how to choose the right one can save you time, reduce frustration, and lead to better results. In this blog post, we'll walk you through everything you need to know about SDS drill bits. We cover what they are, what they’re used for, the different types available, and how to choose the right one for your next project.

What Is an SDS Drill Bit?

SDS stands for Slotted Drive System, a term originally developed by Bosch. While the name has taken on a few different meanings over time, the function remains the same. SDS drill bits are specially designed to work with SDS rotary hammer drills. These bits feature slotted shanks that slide into matching chucks, allowing for quick insertion and removal without the need for a chuck key. The slotted design also allows the bit to move back and forth (hammering action) while spinning, increasing both efficiency and drilling speed when working with hard materials.

An SDS drill bit drilling into a piece of concrete

What Are SDS Drill Bits Used For?

SDS drill bits are ideal for heavy-duty applications. They are most commonly used to drill through concrete, masonry, stone, brick, and other hard construction materials. These bits are capable of withstanding the high torque and impact generated by rotary hammer drills, making them the preferred choice in construction, demolition, and remodeling projects.

Common applications include:

Installing anchors or fasteners into concrete
Drilling holes for rebar doweling
Running conduit or wiring through walls
Creating pass-throughs for plumbing and HVAC systems

The Different Types of SDS Drill Bits

There are several types of SDS drill bits available, and choosing the right one starts with understanding the main categories:

1. SDS (Original)

The original SDS bit features two open grooves on the shank and is compatible with older SDS rotary hammers. However, these are now less commonly used, having been largely replaced by SDS Plus.

2. SDS Plus

SDS Plus is the most widely used type of SDS bit. It also has a 10mm shank and is suitable for light to medium-duty tasks. These bits typically feature two open grooves and two closed grooves, providing a secure grip in SDS Plus hammer drills. Common sizes include 4mm, 12mm, and 20mm diameter options.

SDS Plus bits are ideal for:

Smaller diameter holes
Drilling near edges
Light masonry and concrete work
Projects requiring precision

3. SDS Max

SDS Max bits are designed for heavy-duty drilling. With a larger 18mm shank, these bits have three open grooves and a locking segment for a more secure fit.

SDS Max is best used for:

Larger holes (up to 30mm+ diameter)
Deep embedments
Drilling through thick concrete or stone
High-impact applications

Because of their ability to withstand more force and torque, SDS Max bits are commonly used on large-scale construction sites and for demolition projects.

A picture of an SDS drill bit drilling a hole in concrete

How to Choose the Right SDS Drill Bit

Selecting the right SDS drill bit can greatly impact the success of your project. To make the right decision, consider the following key factors:

1. Material and Application

First, determine what material you're drilling into. SDS bits are generally designed for concrete, brick, stone, and masonry, but specific bits may perform better on certain materials. For example, some bits have special tips designed to cut through rebar embedded in concrete.

2. Bit Size and Length

Next, think about the hole diameter and depth you need. SDS Plus bits typically support smaller holes, while SDS Max bits are suited for larger, deeper holes. Be sure to select a bit that matches your application, whether you're anchoring, doweling, or creating access for utilities.

3. Shank Compatibility

Always match the bit’s shank with your drill’s chuck system. If you use an SDS Max bit in an SDS Plus drill, it simply won’t fit. Using the correct system ensures optimal performance and safety.

SDS and SDS Plus bits have a 10mm shank
SDS Max bits have an 18mm shank

4. Durability and Build Quality

Look for bits made from tungsten carbide, which is significantly tougher than standard steel. Tungsten carbide tips can endure extreme pressure and heat, maintaining sharpness and extending bit life. Some manufacturers offer bits with additional coatings such as titanium or cobalt for even better wear resistance.

5. Tip Design

The tip design impacts how effectively the bit penetrates material and removes debris. Popular tip types include:

Crosshead tips: Excellent for tough jobs and larger holes
Flathead tips: Better for small, precise drilling
Multi-cutter tips: Enhance dust removal and drilling speed

6. Dustless or Hollow Drill Bits

If you're working in an environment where silica dust is a concern, consider using dustless SDS bits. These specialized bits feature vacuum holes that draw dust away from the drill hole, resulting in:

Cleaner workspaces
Reduced need for hole brushing
Improved anchor adhesion
Enhanced worker safety

These bits come in both SDS Plus and SDS Max variations and are especially useful for chemical anchoring applications.

SDS drill bits are essential tools for anyone working with hard construction materials. Their unique design offers superior performance, durability, and safety, especially when paired with the correct rotary hammer drill. Whether you're drilling anchor holes in concrete or creating large openings through masonry walls, understanding the differences between SDS, SDS Plus, and SDS Max bits is crucial. If you are in need of SDS drill bits for your next project, give our team a call at 877-446-4352.